In Russia, the new Federal Law “On Transportation Safety” came into force in February 2007. The Russian system for safety shipping is built according to international rules and national regulations and consists of: safe shipping lanes, navigation means and information systems. The Ministry of Transport of Russia has developed the concept for building the Regional System of Safe Shipping that inclu...

Unlike the oil industry, the shipping industry In Norway is not required to provide oil spill response equipment. The governmental emergency response system for acute pollution is therefore mainly designed to prevent and limit damage from incidents involving ships. In addition to its responsibility for the private emergency response system and operations, the Norwegian Coastal Administration there...

The cooperation in the field of protection against oil pollution between Russian and Norway has been going on for more than 10 years. This cooperation is built on the basis of an agreement on maritime safety and environmental protection against oil pollution from 1994 defined by the Memorandum of Understanding from 2006 (Agreement between The Kingdom of Norway and The Russian Federation concerning...

Like for the petroleum industry the maritime transport is another activity that could have a negative impact on the ecosystem when it comes to discharges of oil during an accident.  An important subject to consider for development of ecosystem based management, like for the petroleum industry, is the question on how we deal with the risk for accident.

Accidental discharge

Human error is the predomin...